Forum discussion

Data-Centers-NC-v4 EAp2:Minimum energy performance

Clarification on Baseline System Modeling for Data Center with Free Cooling

Hello Everyone,

In a project in Tashkent, the proposed HVAC system for a data center uses an air-cooled chiller with free cooling (enabled by the local climate). However, per ASHRAE 90.1-2010 Appendix G, the baseline system is System 8 (water-cooled chiller), which has a higher default COP/IPLV than the air-cooled chiller.

  1. Should the baseline model include free cooling?

    • Since free cooling is part of the proposed design’s efficiency strategy, but Appendix G does not explicitly mention free cooling for System 8, should it still be excluded from the baseline?

    • LEED V4 mentions about creating 2 models, one for building energy cost and other for IT equipment energy cost. Also, it mentions developing 2 set of IT load models, one at the maximum estimated IT load rating and the second at the startup IT rating expected at the time of commissioning.  I am a bit confused now, do we need to develop 4 different models? Can anyone make me understand the whole requirement in simple terms!

    • The process load icludes both unregulated and IT equipment loads. We define them as total equipment power density, space by space. Now, the output summary report will be a amalgamation of both unregulated and IT equipment energy consumption. How do you suggest to proceed in this case, as segregation is next to impossible?

Thanks in advance and appreciate your responses!

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Thu, 07/03/2025 - 19:54

By free cooling I assume you mean an economizer. According to Section G3.1.2.7 a baseline system 8 should have economizers.  Yes you need to develop multiple models. What process/unregulated loads are in the building beside the IT equipment? I would guess that the non-IT loads are probably negligible by comparison? Could you come up with a way to estimate a percentage or each and apply it to the result?

Fri, 07/04/2025 - 01:13

Hi Marcus, thanks for the reply. Yes, however it is a water side economizer, not air side. I believe the economizer applicability as per section G3.1.2.7 is air side right? The proportion of IT equipment in data halls to unregulated loads in electromechanical rooms would be 90:10. Should I be extracting the equipment energy consumption in that ratio? Also, is this approach acceptable to LEED? You might be able to tell from your previous experience. Thanks again!

Mon, 07/07/2025 - 16:02

Yes that is correct. Check Section 6.5.1 to see if that applies. That makes some sense but do you have any data to back up the 90-10 split? If so I would report the two as separate line items in your modeling results.

Tue, 07/08/2025 - 03:52

I would have to look for the equipment load schedule from design team and segregate it for a complete backup of 90:10 ratio. Does LEED ask for such backups, in that case I will have to keep that handy. 

Tue, 07/08/2025 - 12:53

If you are not claiming any savings relative to either of those loads then they would not likely ask for any back up under most circumstances. In a data center situation I am not sure, so it could not hurt to have the data to back up your split.

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