No, you don't need to. With an adequate description and reference to the municipal policy, the project should not need additional space dedicated because the collection system is adequate and suited to the project needs. Just remember that space must also be provided for at least two of the following three hard-to-recycle materials: batteries, mercury-containing lamps, and electronic waste.

Yes. The recommended figures are just that—recommendations. However, you should plan on being able to explain how the space is sufficient. The most common way to do this through a short narrative detailing the volume of recycling and trash per cycle based on how often it will be picked up or moved to a central storage location, such as larger dumpsters.

No. It's a good idea to do so, but it is not one of the required waste types.

Yes. As reinforced by LEED Interpretation #1803 made on 07/02/2007, “space must be provided in the building in anticipation of recycling resources becoming available in the future.” 

Yes. The final collection point for the recycling can be outside your project boundary. With your documentation, show the location of the collection point, describe the process of how the recycling gets to that point including how access is provided for the required parties, and how you determined that it is large enough. You would still need receptacles inside the building at places like workstations and kitchen areas. 

If it is only used for backup—no. It might be able to contribute if it is run regularly run, for peak shaving, for example.

Yes, all the energy would qualify. Check the CHP guidance in the district energy systems modeling protocol.

Probably not. LEEDuser's experts have not seen this attempted, even though it comes up from time to time. You would need to make your case via a CIR or LEED Interpretation. The only LEED benefit you are likely to get here is through SSc7.1—shading your hardscape with PV panels.

Yes, but don't push the timeframe too far. The credit form asks the owner to verify its installation. It would be a good idea to provide a purchase order or contract and installation schedule as documentation.

Yes. You could theoretically offset an inefficient building with a lot of renewables. As a matter of best practice, and of cost-effectiveness, you should start with efficiency measures, however.