Hey everyone,
I have a question about the best software choice and modeling strategy for water-source VRV (or VRF) systems.
Our proposed design will use a water-source variable refrigerant volume system with refrigerant heat recovery. The office building is a three story rectangle with long north- and south-facing exposures. Due to capacity limitations, each floor will be split onto two VRV condensing units, one serving the east half, and one serving the west half, so that each VRV system utilizes refrigerant heat recovery between the north and south faces. Along with the six VRV condensing units, dedicated outdoor air heat pump units will also be tied to the same water loop. The water loop will have variable primary pumping. The temperature of the water loop will be maintained by a gas-fired condensing boiler and a dry cooler on the roof.
We have immediate access to Carrier HAP and eQUEST modeling software. HAP can model air-source VRV, but it cannot explicitly model water-source VRV, so I tried some alternate methods. First I approximated our design in HAP as a WSHP system, hoping that the heat recovery of our designed refrigerant systems would be captured on the modeled water loop, but the results did not reflect this. Also, the pumping energy of this modeled system appeared to be higher than it should have been, leading me to believe HAP was not accurately modeling the pumping turn-down. I then modeled in HAP an air-source VRV system with refrigerant heat recovery, and electric resistance auxiliary heating (the only option) in low ambient conditions. This reflected the refrigerant heat recovery performance but did not account for enough pumping energy, and the unloading performance of the modeled VRV condensing units responded directly to the ambient air temperature instead of the water loop.
For eQUEST, I've seen some documents that show how it may be possible to insert equipment performance curves from manufacturer's data into the .inp file to model water-source VRV. However, due to time and budget concerns, we would like to maintain just one model throughout the project for both load calcs and energy modeling. While I'm not as familiar with eQUEST, my understanding is that its capabilities are not strong at producing zone-level load results used for equipment sizing, so if we need to maintain a HAP (or other) file for loads anyway, eQUEST might not be the best option for the energy model.
While we don't yet own a Trane TRACE 700 seat at my current firm, we have also looked at purchasing this software as an option since I have some past experience with the program. CDS says TRACE cannot yet model water-source VRV explicitly, but they've seen users approximate the system by using an air-source VRV system and altering the condenser performance curves to reflect the water loop temperatures instead of the air dry bulb. My thought is we could then lump all the VRV units onto the same modeled system so that TRACE would account for refrigerant heat recovery of the entire system, approximating how our water loop would recover heat between the condensing units. TRACE would also allow us to obtain load calcs and system sizing from the same model.
Does anyone have experience modeling this system? What is the best software to use? Have you submitted this system for credit EAp2? It seems like, due to the limited availability of software programs that can accurately model the system, LEED reviewers should have some precedent to fall back on as far as accepting approximate modeling methods. If you have submitted using a work-around, what did you run into?
Thanks for the help.
Marcus Sheffer
LEED Fellow7group / Energy Opportunities
LEEDuser Expert
5909 thumbs up
January 13, 2015 - 10:33 am
We have not modeled this system yet or seen one submitted for LEED. Based on our experience with modeling VRF systems and reviewing LEED submissions I would say that your best bets to model this as accurately as possible would be either Trace or EnergyPlus.
Eric Webber
1 thumbs up
January 13, 2015 - 10:59 am
Thanks, Marcus. Which interface do you recommend for EnergyPlus?
Marcus Sheffer
LEED Fellow7group / Energy Opportunities
LEEDuser Expert
5909 thumbs up
January 13, 2015 - 11:17 am
We have used Design Builder. I am not as familiar with the others.
Anthony Hardman
Building Performance AnalystThe Green Engineer
16 thumbs up
January 30, 2015 - 10:59 am
You've probably already selected an approach, but I'll post my three cents for the benefit of others in a similar situation. I'll call these practical application considerations.
1) Load calculations typically include a different set of assumptions compared to simulation tools so while you have the potential to save some money by not switching tools, you also have the potential to experience cost overruns by trying to use the least compatible tool for the job.
2) Conversely, trying to learn a new simulation tool on the fly is also a recipe for surprises and cost overruns.
3) Regardless of the tool chosen, 90.1 allows you to perform "exceptional calculation measures" for things that can't be directly characterized within the model.
I admit the first two bullets are contradictory, but these are important to consider if one is getting into the energy simulation business.