Continuing to use an integrated design approach among the mechanical engineer, architects, owners and end users will facilitate design decisions that impact the mechanical design. For example, space planning decisions will impact the architectural programming of the space as well as access to natural ventilation.
At the first integrated design meeting during schematic design, develop a detailed natural ventilation strategy involving goals for windows, building orientation, space planning, use of atriums, and other access to natural ventilation. Natural ventilation systems may require a more robust and intense integrated design process, of several focused workshops analyzing several alternatives. Computer modeling may be necessary to test various design alternatives to determine which is most effective and efficient.
For mixed-mode and naturally ventilated spaces, the mechanical engineer should calculate the outdoor airflow rate and communicate the area requirements for operable wall or roof openings to the architect.
An integrated design approach among the mechanical engineer, architects, owners and occupants will facilitate design decisions that impact the HVAC design. For example, space planning decisions will impact the architectural programming of the space as well as access to natural ventilation.
Separately evaluate each space to determine air requirements and what type of ventilation will be best. Metabolic rate of the space activities and the occupant
Airflow modeling early in the design process can help teams by evaluating which space planning and envelope design strategies will create effective natural ventilation. An airflow modeling professional may add some upfront costs, while likely improving system efficiency. Airflow modeling can also help to determine compliance for an engineered natural ventilation system outside the prescriptive measures of ASHRAE 62.1-2007.
Installing a sub-metering system for irrigation water can help operators monitor water usage and detect problems early on. Doing so will also contribute LEED-EBOM credit compliance.
Incorporating mulch and using mulching mowers will help keep moisture in the soil, and reduce irrigation needs. Adding compost to the soil will help maintain plant health over time and aid in moisture retention.
Minimize irrigation frequency in an effort to conserve water. Apply irrigation at the lowest rate required to keep plants healthy. New plants may need to be irrigated more, in order to establish them. Change irrigation schedules on a regular basis to adjust for seasonal variations in watering needs, including turning them off in the fall. Use an irrigation system that is tied directly to weather forecasts, or manually program irrigation clocks weekly or more often, based on projected rainfall and weather patterns.
