If a Phase II ESA report identifies that the site is contaminated by a landfill, the project site is not eligible to earn the prerequisite, or LEED for Schools certification—even if the site is remediated to the appropriate standard.
Phase II ESA involves a more detailed look at the site. The environmental professional takes samples and tests for contaminants on the site and within existing structures. High concentrations of heavy metals, toxic chemicals, or asbestos may require remediation. Petroleum byproducts, pesticides, solvents, and mold may also indicate a need for remediation depending on the specific chemicals and concentrations.
After the Phase I ESA has been conducted, you should receive a report outlining any sources of potential contamination. If there are no contamination concerns, ask for an executive summary stating that the project is not suspected of being contaminated and no further testing is required. Use this to document compliance with the prerequisite. (See the Documentation Toolkit for an example.)
Conducting a Phase I ESA during the pre-design or schematic design stage can give you enough time to complete Phase II and remediate the site before construction begins, if needed. Waiting to do site remediation until after construction has begun can change the construction schedule and therefore be costly.
A Phase I ESA does not require actual testing or collection of water, soil, air, or existing structures. It usually includes a site visit, a historical review of the site, a review of nearby facilities, and interviews with past owners and neighbors.
The Phase I ESA must be in compliance with ASTM Standard E1527-05. This standard also defines the qualifications of the environmental professional who conducts the assessment.
