Forum discussion

Urge WHO to agree not only aerosol route is possible for COVID-19, but we need to make provision in our buildings

Team,

You probably know on July 9th, WHO issued a document and agreed aerosol route of COVID-19 transmission is possible, but fell short of saying we need to make provisions in our buildings for it per the "Do no harm" principle.  Mary Ann Lazarus, Pauline Souza, Kay Sargent, Joyce Lee, and I (SDL members from architecture and engineering) started to draft a letter and looking for 300 design professionals to sign to urge WHO to reconsider above.  See below, let's have one voice if you agreed?

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We are writing to ask you to sign a statement to the World Health Organization to urge them to recommend the implementation of best practice healthy air guidelines in light of the recent studies showing a direct link between the spread of COVID-19 through aerosol emissions in addition to larger droplets. While the WHO's statement on July 9 acknowledging the potential of aerosol emissions is promising,  their brief is still limited in scope. There is a great need and opportunity for the WHO to engage built environment experts in the effort to improve indoor environments. We can make a difference in maintaining a focus on improving indoor air health given the recent media attention to this issue.  That can save lives. 

We can express our collective support with your help and your signature. 

Here's a link to the petition for signatures:

https://www.ipetitions.com/petition/message-to-who-on-reducing-covid-airborne

The goal is to complete as many signatures – targeting 300 -  from at least 30 countries in the next week. We want to build off the momentum of the recent media attention to this issue. Also, given the upcoming return to schools and workplaces, it's very important that building and integrated system solutions be put in place. There are best practice healthy air guidelines being developed in the US and internationally that could be implemented as soon as possible. 

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Wed, 07/15/2020 - 18:58

A few things:
  • The choice of the word "promising" in the context of acknowledging the role of aerosolization in the transmission of CoViD-19 seems a little bit out of tune.
  • I am concerned that the message that gets sent will be that because the airborne transmission of the virus is no longer in doubt, there will be a hue and cry for building systems to take the role of protecting built environment occupants from infection.  THAT IS A BAD THING!  What we must emphasize is the role of individuals to break the chain of person-to-person transmission through wearing face coverings and maintaing social distancing.
  • Short of clean room quality laminar flow air patterns, ventilation systems cannot provide nearly the level of protection and mitigation as face covering and social distancing.  There is simply no evidence that a virus (not just CoViD, but also SARS, MERS, the flu and measles) can be picked up by an HVAC system with more than minimal filter performance and deliver an infectious dose of CoViD to another space through recirculation.  Having said that, there is a difference between airborne viral transmission and that of other microbes (such as legionella or TB), mostly having to do with the very short viability "half-life" of virus in airborne particle form.

Wed, 07/15/2020 - 19:39

Kim, Love your comments. - agreed.  Wonder what can be a better word? - As you probably know, that is not the intent.  Let us know how we can avoid protraiting that perception?  Maybe add a sentencing, "while more science needs to confirm the role of aerosol infection...." - Yes, for droplets.  In terms of aerosol, Amoy Garden suggested at least the prior virus can infect others through air movement in long distance, through the exhaust riser in that case study.  But feel free to provide comments to modify the letter. The letter should be look at a "highest common multiples" of all. Best, LL

Wed, 07/15/2020 - 19:56

First bullet:  While the WHO's statement on July 9 acknowledging the role of aerosol emissions in transmission of the virus is an important step in understanding the disease propogation, their brief is still limited in scope. Second bullet:  I think I would just delete the whole thing about the role of the buit environment and simply state:  "This finding confirms the need for each of us to take the personal responsibility for protecting our fellow citizens, and to wear a face covering whenever in a shared indoor space, and to maintain social distancing.  The virus can travel well beyond a six foot radius and the best way to inhibit its transmission is through source control." Third bullet:  Amoy Garden's transmission was not through recirculation of an HVAC system with more than minimal filter performance, but the faulty operation of an exhaust system that allowed viable virus a "short circuit" path between dwelling units.

Wed, 07/15/2020 - 20:04

Oh, dear.  I have just now read the petition itself (highllights my own): "As design and built environment professionals, we can immediately apply the knowledge, based on scientific evidence, of clean indoor air and mitigation techniques using proven technology: enhanced natural air ventilation, high performance air filters, good ventilation rates, appropriate humidity control, robust sunlight or proper ultra-violet light. We can protect first responders, students, office workers, essential workers and all citizens. The built environment can be a great health equity equalizer." We are getting WAY out over our skis saying we can protect all these populations - and all citizens? I'm not signing.

Thu, 07/16/2020 - 14:40

A lot to digest here... I'm trying to focus on what the desired outcome is of this. Is it to get them to create a best practices guide related to IAQ? I'm not sure that would have much more utility than documenting a utopian version of what we want buildings to look like. I don't know if this is echoing any of Kim's concerns or not, but I think it has to potential to skip right past the elephant in the room, which is that a significant portion of our existing building stock is screwed up. And for most buildings, our best work as designers isn't really about making them safe, but is probably really just making them less bad.  

Unfortunately, I believe the general public and the WHO themselves interprets the their "indoor crowded poorly ventilated settings" to be bars, restaurants, and a Crossfit gym. They probably don't suspect that "poorly ventilated settings" often applies to daycares, schools, offices, and just about any manner of building loaded up with people. There are multiple studies out there on how inadequately ventilated classrooms are, yet every one of my conversations with a school district professional has resulted in them being surprised that ventilation is such a pervasive problem. These are districts, by the way, that will have kids going to school in those classrooms next month. 

Getting the WHO to realize that much of our building stock exacerbates the risk based on what they've begun to acknowledge is probably where I feel the most urgency. And, it actually aligns with what many of the scientific professionals with some knowledge of building systems (namely Linsey Marr, Lidia Morawska, Joseph Allen, Shelly Miller) who petitioned them have been focusing on. So we could be complimentary to that effort as people with more robust knowledge on what types of systems are found in buildings, and how they affect risk.  So a simple structure would look something like this:
  • While not replacing the importance of social distancing and PPE, the WHO has recently acknowledged the potential for airborne transmission, particularly in poorly ventilated settings (side note... I think they did this related to some of the super spreader events months ago, but I'd have to dig back through the timeline)
  • Indoor air quality is a complex issue, but the WHO should realize that many buildings can be classified as "poorly ventilated." This problem exists far beyond the examples they have been using, and creates a false perception in the public as to the quality of indoor environments. 
  • Building environment professionals have been working to tackle this issue before Covid-19, but this creates an obvious sense of urgency as companies, schools, and governments attempt to reopen and reoccupy buildings.  
  • We urge the World Health Organization (WHO) to work with built environment experts and recommend the adoption of indoor air contaminant control best practices in response. 

Thu, 07/16/2020 - 19:36

Team, Truly enjoyed the high quality comments and discussion.  Given there are already almost 150 signatures, we can edit the content in the framework, but more difficult to change the framework entirely. Yes, the goal is to urge WHO to recommend adoption of indoor air contaminant control best practices.  We can add the above, and also the focus is on aerosol, not to diminish the important role of PPE, in the draft.  We can add a statement about indoor air quality needs improvement in many buildings too. Kim, Mary Ann suggested the sentence can be changed to "This can help to protect first responders, students, office workers, essential workers and all citizens."  will that work? Regarding the paragraph on "built environment", can we say the HVAC system can help to reduce risk indoor?  Builidngs with proper ventilation and filtering will post less risk than the Guangzhou restaurant with no ventilation, no filter and poor air flow?   The recent Princess Cruise suggested aerosol can be a significant part of the infection compares to droplet, even with high air change and no recirculation.  See attached. Feel free to comment further, will bring them back to Mary Ann and others to discuss. Best, Luke Leung  

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