No, the food must be either harvested, or harvested and processed (if applicable) within 100 miles to count. Said differently, foods that are processed within 100 miles must also be harvested within 100 miles to count.

For example, apples picked from an orchard within 100 miles of the project site meet the regional criteria. Applesauce using apples picked at that orchard and shipped to a processing location that is also within 100 miles of the project building also meets the regional criteria, since it is both harvested and processed regionally. If apples are sourced outside the 100-mile radius, and sent to a processing plant within the 100-mile radius, the applesauce does not meet the criteria. Just remember that assembly or preparation locally is not enough to qualify; anything processed/produced regionally must also be harvested regionally to count. To give another example, takeout from the local Domino's Pizza outlet most likely doesn't meet the credit criteria.

The regional criterion is often a better fit for fresh fruits and vegetables, or simple foods like milk and cheese. For foods made with several ingredients, you may have an easier time focusing your efforts on the approved third-party certification programs, rather than trying to track the source location of each ingredient.